i might get a practical question regarding the topic (exam with randomly generated set of questions from like 160 possible, there are around 6 questions regarding this topic)
but with every moment spent studying it, i feel like i understand it less
could you explain the basics to me please?
You can write this shit in binary to have it easier
A-class IP: 00001010.00000000.00000000.00000001 Netmask: 11111111.00000000.00000000.00000000
B-class IP: 01111111.00000000.00000000.00000001 Netmask: 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000
C-class IP: 11000000.10101000.00000000.00000001 Netmask: 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
All the 1's in the netmask are the Net-ID, the part where the 0's begins is the Host-ID. The net ID must be the same with all hosts in your network to be able to communicate. A host is everything that has an IP. The Host ID is the range where you can have hosts. For example you can add much more hosts in a A-class IP than in a C-class IP.
When an IP is 192.168.0.1/24 this means the netmask is 255.255.255.0. You can build the number 255 with 8 bits. (1111'1111).
So the netmask is 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 = 8 bits + 8 bits + 8 bits = 24
E: the Host-ID is 0000'0000 this means you have space for 256 (0-255) IPs that you can add. The lowest 0 (the network itself) and the highest 255 (Broadcast) IP is that you can't take so you can only add hosts with the IP 1-254.
But what if you only got this C-class IP what if you want to split them into multiple networks? Here is where you use Subnetting.
When the IP is 192.168.0.1/25 then the netmask is 255.255.255.128 = 11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000
This means you got now 2 networks. IPs from 0-127 and 128-255 are now 2 different networks and again you can't use the lowest and the highest IPs, so you can only use 1-126 and 129-254
(I suppose that the best way to solve some optimal dividing of a network is just writing the netmask in binary and then divide it?)
e: (while needing two more addresses, one for broadcast and one for subnetwork so the minimal network size is 4 addresses?)
i don't understand the need for ipv6 then
couldn't we just use netmasks for everything and if we were to run out of them too then make netmasks of netmasks?
Yes. You can only divide it in an even number so if you use /26 you will have 4 networks but you can leave 1 empty. Just keep in mind the more you divide the smaller your networks will get
Well then you can forget to have a nice dinner in Switzerland, you poor dota boys
how the fuck do subnets and masks work i went through 3 or 4 sites explaining it and i can't still understand it properly
arin be more accurate about your problem
E: do you have some shit to do or you just want to understand the theory?
i might get a practical question regarding the topic (exam with randomly generated set of questions from like 160 possible, there are around 6 questions regarding this topic)
but with every moment spent studying it, i feel like i understand it less
could you explain the basics to me please?
Example with easy IPs
A-class IP: 10.0.0.1 Netmask 255.0.0.0 (/8)
B-class IP: 127.0.0.1 Netmask 255.255.0.0 (/16)
C-class IP: 192.0.0.1 Netmask 255.255.255.0 (/24)
You can write this shit in binary to have it easier
A-class IP: 00001010.00000000.00000000.00000001 Netmask: 11111111.00000000.00000000.00000000
B-class IP: 01111111.00000000.00000000.00000001 Netmask: 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000
C-class IP: 11000000.10101000.00000000.00000001 Netmask: 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
All the 1's in the netmask are the Net-ID, the part where the 0's begins is the Host-ID. The net ID must be the same with all hosts in your network to be able to communicate. A host is everything that has an IP. The Host ID is the range where you can have hosts. For example you can add much more hosts in a A-class IP than in a C-class IP.
When an IP is 192.168.0.1/24 this means the netmask is 255.255.255.0. You can build the number 255 with 8 bits. (1111'1111).
So the netmask is 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 = 8 bits + 8 bits + 8 bits = 24
E: the Host-ID is 0000'0000 this means you have space for 256 (0-255) IPs that you can add. The lowest 0 (the network itself) and the highest 255 (Broadcast) IP is that you can't take so you can only add hosts with the IP 1-254.
so the IP classes are given by IANA(RIR)? or the number (/xx) decides the class?
But what if you only got this C-class IP what if you want to split them into multiple networks? Here is where you use Subnetting.
When the IP is 192.168.0.1/25 then the netmask is 255.255.255.128 = 11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000
This means you got now 2 networks. IPs from 0-127 and 128-255 are now 2 different networks and again you can't use the lowest and the highest IPs, so you can only use 1-126 and 129-254
Yes by IANA
so when dividing networks im dividing the addresses into a binary tree?
and when i have an ip let's say 168.xxx.xxx.xxx then it's B class for sure, do i understand that correctly
Yes
Then you use the /16 Netmask if there is no special subnetting required
(I suppose that the best way to solve some optimal dividing of a network is just writing the netmask in binary and then divide it?)
e: (while needing two more addresses, one for broadcast and one for subnetwork so the minimal network size is 4 addresses?)
i don't understand the need for ipv6 then
couldn't we just use netmasks for everything and if we were to run out of them too then make netmasks of netmasks?
Yes. You can only divide it in an even number so if you use /26 you will have 4 networks but you can leave 1 empty. Just keep in mind the more you divide the smaller your networks will get
All IPv4 networks are already used, IPv6 had to replace it because more and more people want an internet connection in these days
yeah i get that but why can't i just make a subnet under every ip to solve that
Man I don't know but I also don't care right now because I need my sleep xD
Good night
good night, thank you for explaining the basics
Its ok, I'm just a basic bitch, wearing my Ugs and drinking starbucks Keepo
Very basic explanations but well articulated. Good shit.
Learning new things everyday seemsgood
The numbers... what do they mean?
What's an Internet?
Dont grab it meka.
I was dbd player for 1 day
@Meka
how do I get into learning russian? I can read cyrillic and know some phrases/words helpful for DotA, but other than that I'm fairly clueless
Oh meka teaching russian. Count me in i want rekt spunki in Russian
so fast m8
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fuck this gay Earth fam